今晚这个国家几乎所有的6100万人口
Tonight nearly all 61 million
people of this country
将会睡着，我们每一个人都会做梦。
will fall asleep, and each
and every one of us will dream.
高速公路上有两条车道，所以这是一条正常的高速公路。
There were two lanes on the
motorway so it was a normal motorway
除了所有的汽车里都没有人之外。
apart from the fact that
all the cars had no people in them.
我拿着一大杯牛奶，里面有一头生菜。
I'm holding a big glass of milk
and there's a head of lettuce in it.
她的体重非常超标，而且实际上正在长出真正的胡须。
She was very overweight and
actually was growing a real beard.
这是一个充满快乐和痛苦的非凡世界。
It's an extraordinary world
full of pleasure and pain.
我从天而降，来到这种美丽的...
I descended from the sky
onto this sort of beautiful...
..我被人掐住脖子，......被人刺伤，我被人射杀......。
.. I've been choked and...
stabbed and I've been shot...
但是，我们为什么会做梦是科学的一个大谜团。
But why we dream is
one of science's great mysteries.
我不知道有谁不为梦想着迷。
I don't know anybody who
isn't fascinated by dreams.
我的意思是他们是...
I mean they are...
在我们的生活中，有很多令人愤慨的事件。
outrageous events in our lives.
现在才知道
It's only now
科学正开始揭示的
that science is beginning to reveal
这个秘密世界的诡异复杂性。
the bizarre complexities
of this secret world.
大自然为什么会
Why would Mother Nature
高度激活你的大脑，麻痹你的身体。
highly activate your brain,
paralyse your body,
性激活你
sexually activate you
并强迫你看这些我们称之为梦的东西，为什么？
and force you to watch
these things we call dreams, why?
大自然为什么要这样做？
Why would Mother Nature do that?
我们认为我们所知道的关于梦的大部分内容似乎都是错误的。
Much of what we thought we knew
about dreams appears to be wrong.
如果没有恶梦，人类很有可能
Without nightmares there is a good
chance that humanity
就根本不会在这里了。
wouldn't be here at all.
我们的梦想从何而来？
Where do our dreams come from?
如果你想了解
If you want to understand
人类的本性，人类的思想，是什么让我们如此兴奋。
human nature, the human
mind, what makes us tick,
你需要看一下梦想。
you need to look at dreams.
我们的梦有意义吗？
Do our dreams have meaning?
人们从直觉上知道，有一些
People intuitively know
that there is something
关于他们的梦想，是有意义的。
about their dreams
that is meaningful.
人们无休止地迷恋着梦想。
People are endlessly fascinated
by dreams.
我们可以利用我们的梦想吗？
Can we use our dreams?
那些做梦的人实际上最终会
Those people who dream about it
actually end up
下一次表现得更好。
performing better the next time.
纵观人类历史，总是有
Throughout human history
there have always been
关于梦的起源的大想法。
big ideas
about the origins of dreams.
几十年来，人们认为梦是所有这些如此精神的东西
For decades people thought dreams
were all these so spiritual things
而且你知道他们是。
and you know they are.
这都是关于隐藏的性♥欲♥，都是胡说八道。
It's all about hidden sexual desires,
it's all nonsense.
科学家们长♥期♥以来一直认为，梦是有目的的。
Scientists have long held the
belief that dreams have a purpose.
梦想已经负责了两个诺贝尔奖。
Dreams have been responsible
for two Nobel prizes,
几种主要药物的发明，其他科学发现。
the invention of a couple of major
drugs, other scientific discoveries.
当你与某人分享一个梦想时。
When you share a dream with
somebody,
你是说这里有一些关于我的信息
you're saying here is some
information about me
我没有伪造的。
that I haven't faked.
因此，它是可靠的，因此它可能揭示了
and therefore it's reliable,
and therefore it might reveal
关于我的一些有趣的事情。
something interesting about me.
但直到55年前，才发现
But it was not until 55 years ago
神经科学才真正开始研究做梦的大脑。
that neuroscience really
began to study the dreaming brain.
然后美国睡眠科学家纳撒尼尔-克莱特曼
Then American sleep scientist
Nathaniel Kleitman
进行了一系列引人注目的实验。
undertook a series
of remarkable experiments.
他测量了受试者睡觉时的脑电波活动。
He measured the brainwave activity
of his subjects whilst they slept.
而不是看到大多数科学家预期的被动局面。
Rather than seeing the passive
picture most scientists expected,
克莱特曼发现情况恰恰相反。
Kleitman found quite the opposite.
他们发现的是，是的，他们似乎睡着了
What they found is that yes,
they seem to fall asleep
你得到了这些大的波浪，但在不长的时间之后
and you got these big waves
but then after not a very long time
它又变得快速和低振幅
it became fast and low
amplitude again
仿佛他们是清醒的，但他们并没有。
as if they were awake
but they weren't.
因此，看起来在你睡着的时候，大脑可以转移
So it looks like while you're
asleep, the brain can shift
在不同的状态之间，我们现在说的睡眠的不同阶段。
between different states, different
stages of sleep we say now,
其中一些看起来非常像唤醒。
some of which
looks very much like wake.
而当克莱特曼检查这些活跃的睡眠周期时，他注意到
And when Kleitman examined these
active sleep cycles, he noticed
还有一点--睡眠者的眼睛似乎在眨动。
something else - the sleepers'
eyes appeared to be blinking.
克莱特曼称其为快速眼动，或称REM睡眠
Kleitman called it
Rapid Eye Movement, or REM sleep
而这将导致他最伟大的发现。在快速眼动睡眠期间。
and it would lead to his greatest
discovery. During REM sleep,
研究人员无一例外地发现了什么
what the researchers invariably found
当他们醒过来的时候，有一个对象
when they woke up a subject
是主体会说，"我在做梦。我刚刚做了一个生动的梦。"
was the subject would say, "I'm
dreaming. I just had a vivid dream. "
克莱特曼曾准确地指出，当我们做梦时
Kleitman had pinpointed
when we dream
但他在我们的大脑和眼睛活跃时发现。
but he found while our brain
and eyes were active,
快速眼动睡眠对我们身体的影响正好相反。
the effect of REM sleep on our
bodies was exactly the opposite.
快速眼动睡眠的另一个特点是，你的肌肉张力
Another feature of REM sleep
is that your muscle tone
只是绝对下降到零。
just goes absolutely down to zero.
你变得功能瘫痪。
You become functionally paralysed.
如果你在椅子上坐着看电视，而头点了一下
If you're sitting up in a chair
watching TV, and the head nods
和下降，你就睡着了，这不是快速眼动睡眠。
and falls and you fall asleep,
that's not REM sleep.
如果你进入快速眼动睡眠，你会真的从椅子上滚下来。
If you fall into REM sleep, you
would literally roll off the chair
到地板上，因为你的身体变得绝对放松了。
onto the floor because your body
becomes absolutely relaxed,
几乎瘫痪的意思是，你不能让你的肌肉
almost paralysed in the sense
that you can't make your muscles
实际工作中，它变得绝对平静，没有反应。
actually work and it becomes
absolutely calm and non-responsive.
克莱特曼和他的团队已经迈出了第一步
Kleitman and his team
had made the first step
在解释我们的梦想生活时
in explaining our dream lives
但这需要进行一些更大胆的实验
but it would take some far more
audacious experiments
以进一步进入梦的秘密世界。
to enter further into the secret
world of dreams.
这只猫看起来好像是醒着的。
This cat looks as if it's awake.
事实上，它正在快速睡着。
In fact, it's fast asleep.
一条狗似乎在尝试跑步。
A dog appears to try running.
它也在睡觉。
It too is asleep.
为了看到这些梦境，动物们受到了
In order for these dreams to be
seen, the animals were subjected
到根治性手术。
to radical surgery.
科学家们切除了大脑中负责瘫痪的部分
Scientists removed the part of the
brain responsible for paralysing
在快速眼动睡眠期间的肌肉。
the muscles during REM sleep.
我们看到的是，当你这样做时，特别是对猫。
And what we see is that when you
do this, with cats in particular,
是，他们，他们可以在快速眼动睡眠期间走动，他们的行为
is that they, they can walk around
during REM sleep and their behaviour
不是随机的，不是混乱的。
is not random, it's not chaotic.
他们不只是在做任何老的疯狂的事情。
They're not just doing
any old crazy thing.